GENRE OF TEXTS
M
HAFFIS EZA AGUSTA
3-IA-3
TEACHER
BY : Mr.JHONNY S.Pd.I
SENIOR
HIGH SCHOOL 8 BANDA ACEH
STUDY
YEAR 2013 / 2014
GENRE
OF TEXTS
1.NARRATIVE
A. The
definition
Narrative text is a story with complication or problematic events and it tries to find the resolutions to solve the problems. An important part of narrative text is the narrative mode, the set of methods used to communicate the narrative through a process narration.
Narrative text is a story with complication or problematic events and it tries to find the resolutions to solve the problems. An important part of narrative text is the narrative mode, the set of methods used to communicate the narrative through a process narration.
B.Social
function narrative
To
amuse or entertain the readers with actual or imaginary experience in different
ways. Narrative always deals with some problems which lead to the climax and
then turn into a solution to the problem.
C.Generic
Structure
1. Orientation
( who was involved, when and where was it happened)
2. Complication
( a problem arises and followed by other problems)
3.Resolution
( provide solution to the problem)
D.grammatical
features
Use
of noun phrases ( a beautiful princess, a huge temple)
Use
of adverbial phrases of time and place ( in the garden, two days ago)
Use
of simple past tense ( He walked away from the village)
Use of action verbs ( walked, slept)
Use
of adjectives phrases ( long black hair)
E.example
Orientation
Once upon a time there lived a
little girl named Snow White. She lived with her Aunt and Uncle because her
parents were dead.
Complication 1
One day she heard her Uncle and
Aunt talking about leaving Snow White in the castle because they both wanted to
go to America and they didn’t have enough money to take Snow White.
Resolution
Snow White did not want her
Uncle and Aunt to do this so she decided it would be best if she ran away. The
next morning she ran away from home when her Aunt and Uncle were having
breakfast. She ran away into the woods.
Complication
Then she saw this little
cottage. She knocked but no one answered so she went inside and fell asleep.
Resolution
Meanwhile, the seven dwarfs were coming home
from work. They went inside. There they found Snow White sleeping. Then Snow
White woke up. She saw the dwarfs. The dwarfs said, “what is your name?” Snow
White said, “My name is Snow White.”
Reorientation
Happy ending.
2.Descriptive Text
A.The Definition
Descriptive text is a text which says what a person or a thing is like. Its purpose is to describe and reveal a particular person, place, or thing.
B.social function
The social function of Descriptive text is to describe a particular person, place or thing. Its generic structures are Identification and Description. Identification paragraph identifies phenomenon to be described. While description paragraphs describe or give the general and specific information about the person, place or thing described.
The social function of Descriptive text is to describe a particular person, place or thing. Its generic structures are Identification and Description. Identification paragraph identifies phenomenon to be described. While description paragraphs describe or give the general and specific information about the person, place or thing described.
C.Generic Structure
1) Identification
(identify phenomenon to be described)
2) Description
(describe parts, qualities, characteristics)
D.grammatical features
·
Focus
on specific participants
·
Use
of attributive and identifying processes
·
Frequent
use classifiers in nominal groups.
·
Use
of the Simple Present Tense
E.Example
My House
identification
My house is located in Jl Lestari no. 5. There
is wall fence in front of my house to limit the area with the other and many
trees such as, avocado, mango, and guava. Besides that, I also have many kind
of flower and my front yard is filled by grasses. There is a terrace which usually
use for us to do some activities, like chatting with my parents in the evening,
doing my homework, and playing Rubik’s cube with my brother.
description
The first room in my house is a guest room
which functions to receive the guest and at this room there is one set of chair
and a table; there are also two windows covered by red curtain. My guest room
is not big enough and we usually use family room to receive when the guest is
too many. The second room is my room which contains a bed almost as long as the
room. There is a book rack besides the bed to put my brother’s books and my
books. There is also a desk beside the rack book. It not only uses to study,
but also functions to put my bag, my brother’s toys, my book, and my movies
collection. The third room is my parent’s room; there is a clothes closet and a
bed beside it. The bed merges with a small closet and it located in the front
of bed. It contains my father’s books and my mother’s cosmetics. The fourth
room is family room; at this room, there are a small bed for us to sit down and
to sleep, a television, a DVD player, a sound system and a small aquarium. I
usually spend the time at this room with my parents and my brother and it uses
to discuss something or to watch a movie. That room is bigger than other room;
so I feel comfortable to spend my time longer. The fifth room is a bathroom
which contains of a bath up and two water tap. I have two bathrooms and it
located side by side; so my second bathroom beside it. The sixth room is a
kitchen; the first thing that you seeing are refrigerator beside the door, and
there is a dining table with four chairs. In front of it, there are two gas
stoves, a rack and two windows behind the stoves.
My back yard is divided into two sections by
small fence; the first section is the area for my family and me; the second is
for my pets and my plants. In the first section there are a well and a small
warehouse. The second sections contains of many pets, such as, fishes, rabbits,
chickens, and bird.
3.prosedure
A.The
definition
·
Texts
that explain how something works or how to use instruction / operation manuals
e.g. how to use the video, the computer, the tape recorder, the photocopier,
the fax.
·
Texts that instruct how to do a particular activity e.g.
recipes, rules for games, science experiments, road safety rules.
·
Texts that deal with human behaviour, e.g how to live
happily, how to succeed.
B.Social function
To
describe a particular person, place or thing.
o Goals ( the
final purpose of doing the instruction)
o Materials ( ingredients, utensils, equipment to
do the instructions)
o Steps ( a set of instruction to achieve the final
purpose)
C.generic
structure
(1)Goal (purpose or goal)
(2)Materials Needed (material / equipment / materials required)
(3) Methods or Steps (Methods / steps)
(2)Materials Needed (material / equipment / materials required)
(3) Methods or Steps (Methods / steps)
D.features
§ Use
of imperative ( Cut…….., Don’t mix……..)
§ Use
of action verbs (turn, put)
§ Use
of connectives(first, then, finally)
E.
Example
goal:
How to Make Fried Rice
Fried rice is a familiar food
from Indonesia; if you want to know how to prepare nasi goreng this is the procedure how to make nasi
goreng. Just follow this explanation :
material :
·
350
gr. Long Grain Rice
·
2
Tbs. Vegetable Oil
·
3
Eggs
·
1
Onion
·
2
Green Chillis
·
1
Garlic Clove
·
1
Leek
·
1 teaspoon
Ground Coriander
·
1
teaspoon Ground Cumin
·
250
gr. Chicken meat
·
250
gr. Shelled Prawns
·
3
Tbs. Kecap Manis
Steps :
This dish is best made from
cold leftover rice, but you can cook a fresh batch and leave it to cool for at
least 4 hours. Beat the eggs and make into a omelette, slice into strips and
set aside. Heat the oil in a wok or large frying pan. Add the chopped onion,
leek, garlic and chillis. Fry until the onion is soft. Add the Coriander and
Cumin. Slice Chicken into strips and add with the prawns to the onion mixture
and cook, stirring occasionally until they are well mixed. Add the rice, soya
sauce and omelet strips and cook for a further 5 minutes.Decorate with some of
the leftover leek and serve hot. Enjoy.
4.RECOUNT
A.Recount
A recount tells about something that happened in the past.
The details in a recount can include what happened, who was involved, where it
took place, when it happened and why it occurred.
A writer or speaker uses a recount to tell us about a story or an event. Recounts are usually given in the order that the event occurred. Recounts can be:
• factual, such as a news story
• procedural, such as telling someone how you built something
• personal, such as a family holiday or your opinion on a subject.
A writer or speaker uses a recount to tell us about a story or an event. Recounts are usually given in the order that the event occurred. Recounts can be:
• factual, such as a news story
• procedural, such as telling someone how you built something
• personal, such as a family holiday or your opinion on a subject.
B.Social
function recount:
To
tell the readers what happened in the past through a sequence of events
C.Generic
Structure
§ Orientation
( who were involved, when and where was it happened)
§ Events
( tell what happened in a chronological order)
§ Re-orientation
( optional – closure of events)
D.Grammatical
feature
* Use
of pronouns and nouns ( David, he, she)
* Use
of action verbs in past (went, studied)
* Use
of past tense ( We went for a trip to the zoo)
* Use
of adverbial phrases
* Use
of adjectives
E.Example
My Great Day of
Proposing Girl
Orientation
I woke up at about five o'clock yesterday. It wasn't a regular
day, because I was about to propose a girl.After praying and taking a bath, I
had my early breakfast. At about nine o'clock I was in my office but my soul
wasn't there. I was thinking about the lines that I had to say to her.
event
At
one o'clock, I had my lunch but I wasn't enjoying it either. So, I practiced
the lines to almost all girls I met at my lunch. Yes, I was a little bit crazy.
Finally, it was three o'clock. I remembered all my lines. I wrapped my works
and got ready to pick her up and of course proposed her.
re-orientation
I
met her at four o'clock, took a little walk and went to a movie. At seven, we
had a romantic dinner. I thought it was the perfect time to ask her to be my wife.
Then I said the lines that I practiced the whole afternoon.She smiled. I
reached my pocket to get a ring and put it around her finger. Then she said
"Yes." After driven her home I went back to my house.
5.REPORT
A.Defination
The
report text often also known as informational report. "Report", the
Concise Oxford Dictionary 10th Edition, is defined as :
1)
An account is given of a matter after investigation or consideration.
2) A
piece of information about an event or situation.
So
we can conclude, in a language view, a report text is used to serves to provide
information about an event or situation, after the investigation and through
the multi consideration.
Definition
of text report is also fairly similar to what is often mentioned in various books
in English at the intermediate level, "Report is a text roomates
present information about something, as it is. It is as a result of systematic
observation and analyzes." [Report is a text which presents
information about something as it is. This text is the result of systematic
observation and analysis.]
B.Social
function
To
describe the way things are (for example: a man -made thing, animals, plants).
The things must be a representative of their class.
C.Generic
Structure
1.
General classification: Stating classification of general aspect of thing;
animal, public place, plant, etc which will be discussed in general
2. Description: Describing the thing which will be discussed in detail; part per part , customs or deed for living creature and usage for materials
2. Description: Describing the thing which will be discussed in detail; part per part , customs or deed for living creature and usage for materials
D.Grammatical
Feature
• Introducing group or general aspect
• Using conditional logical connection; when, so, etc
• Using simple present tense
• Introducing group or general aspect
• Using conditional logical connection; when, so, etc
• Using simple present tense
E.Example
1. General Classification
Tyrannosaurus rex, sometimes just called T-rex, is believed
to be the largest and most fearsome predator on Earth's land ever to have
existed.
2. Description
- Physical Appeareance :
Tyrannosaurus rex was up to 40 feet (12.4 m) long, about 15
to 20 feet (4.6 to 6 m) tall. The arms were only about 3 feet (1 m) long.
Tyrannosaurus rex was roughly 5 to 7 tons in weight.
- Behaviour :
As a carnivorous dinosaur, this giant predator most likely
ambushed their prey, and devoured them with jaws full of white sharp teeth.
With it's fast ability to run at an astonishing speed of 32 mph (50 kmh), a
perfect slim and stiff tail that gave it an excellent balance and allowed it to
make quick turns, equipped this gigantic predator and made it even more deadly,
like a killing machine.
- Environment :
This dinosaur once lived in the Creataceous period
approximately 68 to 65 million years ago. The T-rex lived in a humid,
semi-tropical environment, in open forests with nearby rivers and in coastal
forested swamps. The seasons were mild.
6.NEWS
ITEM
A.Definition
A news item text is a text
which is grouped into the text genre of narration. The main function of
narration is is telling stories or informing about events in chronological
order. The order in the narration can be based of time, place and the events
them selves.
B. Social
function
To inform readers or listeners about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important.
To inform readers or listeners about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important.
C.Generic Structure
The main Generic Structure of News Item Text:
1. Newsworthy event(s)
2. Elaboration ( background, participant, time,
place )
3. Resource of information
D.Grammatical Features
The Language Features of News Item Text:
1. Short, telegraphic information about
story captured in headline
2. Focusing on circumstances
3. Using action verbs
4. Using saying verbs
5. Using adverbs : time, place and manner.
E.Example
newsworthy event
A man bulldozes Neighbors' 4.
Houses
A man damaged four houses after he drove his bulldozer through them. At least one vehicle was also destroyed.
A man damaged four houses after he drove his bulldozer through them. At least one vehicle was also destroyed.
background event
The incident took place at
Baker and Highway 101. The man was angry at his neighbors and took his
bulldozer to the streets. He damaged four homes and cutting power to others.
Nobody was hurt but power was out all day Friday. The man was booked into jail
for malicious mischief.
source
The Clallam County Sheriff's Office said "The man was irate with neighbors."
The Clallam County Sheriff's Office said "The man was irate with neighbors."
7. Explanation
A.Definition
The
explanation text type tells how or why something occurs. It looks at the steps
rather than the things. The purpose of an explanation is to tell each step of
the process (the how) and to give reasons (the why). (Mark Anderson and Kathy
Anderson, 1997:81) Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to
forming of natural, social, scientific, and cultural phenomena.
According
to Mark Anderson and Kathy Anderson (1997: 82) says that the explanation text
type is often used to tell how and why thing (phenomena) occur in nature. Some
examples of explanations are: How something occurs, why something happened, why
things are a like or different, how to solve a problem, etc.
B.Social
function
To
explain the process involved in the formation or working of natural or socio
cultural phenomena
C.Generic
structure
* A
general statement to position the reader
* A
sequenced explanation of why or how something occurs
* Closing
D.Grammatical
feature
Technical
language
Words
that show cause and effect
Use of
the timeless present tense
E.Example
Making Paper from Woodchips
|
|
A general statement
|
Woodchipping is a process used to obtain pulp and paper products from forest
trees.
|
A sequenced explanation of why or how something occurs
|
The woodchipping process begins when the trees are cut down in a selected
area of the forest called a coupe.
Next the tops and branches of the
trees are cut out and then the logs are taken to the mill.
At the mill the bark of the logs is removed and the logs are taken to a
chipper which cuts them into small pieces called woodchips.
The woodchips are then screened to remove dirt and other impurities.At this
stage they are either exported in this form or changed into pulp by chemicals
and heat.
The pulp is then bleached and the water content is removed.
|
Closing
|
Finally the pulp is rolled out to make paper.
|
8.discussion
A.Definition
Discussion is a text which presents a problematic discourse.
This problem will be discussed from
different points of view. It presents pro and contra opinion on
certain issue.
The
purpose of a discussion text is to present arguments and information from
differing viewpoints. Discussion texts are usually written in the present
tense.
B.social function
Social function discussion: To present information and
opinions about more than one side of an issue (“for” points “against” points)
C.Generic
structure
§ Opening
statement presenting the issue
§ Arguments
or evidence for different points of view ( pros and cons)
§ Concluding
recommendation
D.
Grammatical feature
* Use
of general nouns: alcohol, abortion, smoking, etc.
* Use
of relating verbs: is, are, etc.
* Use
of thinking verbs: think, feel, hope believe, etc.
* Use
of additive connectives: addition, furthermore, besides, etc.
* Use
of contrastive connectives: although, even, if, nevertheless, etc.
* Use
of causal connectives: because, because of, etc.
* Use
of modal auxiliary: must, should, etc.
* Use
of adverbial manner: hopefully.
E.Example
Title
The Advantages and
Disadvantages of Home Office
Everybody like home sweet home however making office at home is possible and recommend. Of course home office will has both advantage and disadvantage. Therefore it is wise to consider the strengths and weaknesses to have a home office. (Introduction)
Introduction
Everybody like home sweet home however making office at home is possible and recommend. Of course home office will has both advantage and disadvantage. Therefore it is wise to consider the strengths and weaknesses to have a home office. (Introduction)
Introduction
Some people will agree that
having office at home will make benefit. It saves time. We need no commuting
which occasionally takes a long time. Besides we are free to set the work
schedule. Having home office will save money as we need not to purchase or
lease of office space from rent companies. What make it more flexible is that
we can set part or all parts of our home just as a real office. What we need is
only a wireless router to cover all parts of our house with Internet. We can
run our business wherever part of house we want, from living room, bed room,
veranda, etc even we can make sell or purchase by online shopping for things we
need. Furthermore Working at home might reduce stress, effort and time and
divert it to other more productive things because while working, we are close
to our families.
Arguments
However making home as office also has some disadvantages. For some people, keeping the schedule is hard in flexible time. Such people type will harder if they are working just from home. There will no clear border between working and breaking. Working just from home also reduces the possibility to meet new people. It is true that computer and Internet connection possibly relate people every time and everywhere but we will interact with them in a dimension which is not real face.
However making home as office also has some disadvantages. For some people, keeping the schedule is hard in flexible time. Such people type will harder if they are working just from home. There will no clear border between working and breaking. Working just from home also reduces the possibility to meet new people. It is true that computer and Internet connection possibly relate people every time and everywhere but we will interact with them in a dimension which is not real face.
Conclusion
So considering carefully what
we actually need in running our business is very recommended before choosing to
have office at home or not.
9.REVIEW
A. Definition
Literally, meaningful review "of reviews, summaries, reviews." If there is a phrase book review means meaningful reviews of the book. Therefore, review the text can be interpreted literally as text functioned to review. What are the terms? yes what is, good books, beauty products, cars, hp, laptop and so on.
Literally, meaningful review "of reviews, summaries, reviews." If there is a phrase book review means meaningful reviews of the book. Therefore, review the text can be interpreted literally as text functioned to review. What are the terms? yes what is, good books, beauty products, cars, hp, laptop and so on.
B.Social
Function
Apparently review text could serve as to criticize an art work, event for a public audience. (To provide a critique of a work of art, or the other for the general public).
Apparently review text could serve as to criticize an art work, event for a public audience. (To provide a critique of a work of art, or the other for the general public).
C.Generic Structure
• Orientation: places the work in its general and particular context, Often by Comparing it with others of its kind or through an analog with a non-art object or event. (Put the work reviewed in the context of general or specific, usually by comparing with other similar works by analogy or object that is not art.)
• Interpretive Recount: summarize the plot and / or providers, an account of how the reviewed places rendition of the work came into being. (Summarizing the story "when reviewing the book" how to work the delivery)
• Evaluation: provides an evaluation of the work and / or its performance or production; Usually is recursive. (Giving a evaluari work or performance, production; evaluation is usually repetitive)
Actually, the general arrangement (generic structure) review text is not necessarily exactly the same as above, may be due to "summarize" lessons, so the composition of the three had been able as a general overview, okay.
D.Grammatical
feature
1.
Using the present tense.
2.
Many use the adjective (the carpenter) like, bad, good, valuable, etc..
3.
Often use long clause (clause length) and complex.
E.Example
Orientation
Since the first production of ‘Private Lives’ in 1930, with the theatre’s two leading sophisticates Noel Coward and Gertrude Lawrence in the leads, the play has tended to be seen as a vehicle for stars.
Evaluation
QUT Academy of the Arts’ production boasted no ‘stars’, but certainly fielded potential stars in a sparkling performance that brought out just how fine a piece of craftsmanship Coward’s play is.
Evaluation
More than 60 years later, what new could be deduced from so familiar a theme?
Director Rod Wissler’s highly perceptive approach went beyond the glittery surface of Witty banter to the darker implications beneath.
Interpretative Recount
With the shifting of attitudes to social values, it became clear that Victor and Sibyl were potentially the more admirable of the couples, with standards better adjusted than the volatile and self-indulgent Elyot and Amanda.
Evaluation
The wit was there, dexterously ping-ponged to and fro by a vibrant Amanda (Catherine Jones) and a suave Elyot (Daniel Kealy).
Evaluation
Julie Eckersley’s Sibyl was a delightful creation, and Phillip Cameron-Smith’s more serious playing was just right for Victor. Jodie Levesconte was a superb French maid. James Maclean’s set captured the Thirties atmosphere with many subtle touches.
Evaluative Summation
All involved deserve the highest praise.
10.SPOOF
A.Definition
Spoof Text is a text which tells about factual story,
happened in the past time with unpredictable and funny ending. Spoof text is
very similar to recount text. Both spoof text and recount text tell about the
past event with chronological order. However, the purpose of Spoof Text is to
amuse reader with funny story. The story mostly is ended with an unpredictable
event. The other different is Spoof Text has “twist” in the end of the story.
B.Social function
Spoof
Social function : to share with others a real story of
which the ending is funny to amuse the
audience or readers.
Generic structure:
Orientation : the opening of the story which sets the
scene.
Events : the details of the events in the story.
Twist : the funny or unpredictable ending of the
story.
Social function : to share with others a real story of
which the ending is funny to amuse the
audience or readers.
Generic structure:
Orientation : the opening of the story which sets the
scene.
Events : the details of the events in the story.
Twist : the funny or unpredictable ending of the
story.
C.Generic Structure
1. Orientation (introduction of the participant
of the story , where it happen and when. By giving the orientation, reader will
recognize the story)
2. Events (tells about the chronological of the
story. Several events are explored in chronological way which able to arrange
the story read nicely.)
3. Twist (an unpredictable plot in the end of
the story which amuse the reader. Readers even did not predict before that it
would be)
D.Grammatical Feature
1. Focusing on people, animals or certain things
2. Using Past Sentence
3. Using action verb; ate, ran, was walking, etc
4. Using adverb of time and place
5. Told in chronological order.
E.Example
Reading Book
ORIENTATION
There was a student. He studied at a college. The student was was deeply in love with his girl classmate. Unfortunately he did not know know what to do to get the girl’s attention.
There was a student. He studied at a college. The student was was deeply in love with his girl classmate. Unfortunately he did not know know what to do to get the girl’s attention.
EVENTS
One day, the student got assignment. He planned to attract the girl. So he asked the girl for help with his assignments. The day was his fortunate as the beautiful girl agreed. So he came to sit next to the girl happily. He built an impression as a diligent student and took out a book pretending to read.
TWIST
After while, the girl was
curious and asked: “You must be a genius. How can you read a book upside down?”
She continued: " I am impressed"
11.Anecdote
A.Definition
Anecdote is a text which retells funny and unusual incidents in fact or imagination. Its purpose is to entertain the readers.
B. Social
function :
To
describe a particular person, place or thing.
C.Generic
Structure
1. Abstract
2. Orientation
3. Crisis
4. Incident.
1. Abstract
2. Orientation
3. Crisis
4. Incident.
D.Grammatical
Feature
1. Using exclamation words; it’s awful!, it’s wonderful!, etc
2. Using imperative; listen to this
3. Using rhetoric question; do you know what?
4. Using action verb; go, write, etc
5. Using conjunction of time; then, afterward
6. Using simple past tense
1. Using exclamation words; it’s awful!, it’s wonderful!, etc
2. Using imperative; listen to this
3. Using rhetoric question; do you know what?
4. Using action verb; go, write, etc
5. Using conjunction of time; then, afterward
6. Using simple past tense
E.Example
Snake in
the Bathroom
Abstract
How
would you like to find a snake in you bath?
Orientation
We
had just moved into a new house, which had been empty for so long that
everything was in a terrible mess. Anna and I decided that we would clean the
bath first, so we set to, and turned on the tap.
crisis
Suddenly
to my horror, a snake's head appeared in the plug hole. Then out slithered the
rest of his long thin body. He twisted and turned on the slippery bottom of the
bath, spitting and hissing at us.
incident
For
an instant I stood there quite paralyzed. Then I yelled for my husband, who
luckily came running and killed the snake with the handle of a broom.
Coda
Anna,
who was only three at the time, was quite interested in the whole business.
Indeed I had to pull her out of the way or she'd probably have lean over the
bath to get a better look.
We
found out later that it was a black mamba, a poisonous kind of snake. It had
obviously been fast asleep, curled up at the bottom of the nice warm
water-pipe. It must have had an awful shock when the cold water came trickling
down! But nothing to the shock I got! Ever since then I've always put the plug
in firmly before running the bath water.
12. hortatory exposition
A.Definition
Hortatory Exposition is
a type of English text that belongs to the class
of Argumentation.
Hortatory Exposition is a type
of English textthat influences the reader to do
something oract in a certain way.
In Hortatory Exposition, there
are some opinions about certain things to reinforce the
main ideas of the text
B.Social Function
Social
function of the hortatory exposition is to persuade the readers or listeners
that something should or should not be the case.
C.Generic
Structure
1. Thesis
2. Arguments
3. Recommendation
1. Thesis
2. Arguments
3. Recommendation
D.Grammatical
Feature
1. Focusing on the writer
2. Using abstract noun; policy, advantage, etc
3. Using action verb
4. Using thinking verb
5. Using modal adverb; certainly, surely, etc
6. Using temporal connective; firstly, secondly, etc
7. Using evaluative words; important, valuable, trustworthy, etc
8. Using passive voice
9. Using simple present tense
1. Focusing on the writer
2. Using abstract noun; policy, advantage, etc
3. Using action verb
4. Using thinking verb
5. Using modal adverb; certainly, surely, etc
6. Using temporal connective; firstly, secondly, etc
7. Using evaluative words; important, valuable, trustworthy, etc
8. Using passive voice
9. Using simple present tense
E.Example
Corruption
Thesis
Do
you know what the meaning of corruption is? What is the relation between money
and corruption? Well, corruption is common everywhere in the world, even in the
United States. It’s just a matter of intensity. However, it is quite shocking
when one reliable survey claims Jakarta as the most corrupt place in Indonesia.
Argument 1
The
survey has made me sad, actually, because I stay and earn a living here in the
capital. As most people know, Tanjung Priok port smuggling is not a new thing
at all. Entrepreneurs who want to minimize their tax payments tend to do such a
thing more often. They even bribe the officials.
Argument 2
Well,
I think the measures taken so far to overcome the problem by punishing the
corruptors is still not far enough. We have to prevent the younger generations
from getting a bad mentality caused by corruption.
Recommendation
I
believe we should start at the earliest stages in school and I think everyone
should be involved in the effort to eradicate corruption. We must not make any
distinction.
13.Analytical
Exposition
A.Definition
Exposition
is a text that elaborates the writer‘s idea about the phenomenon surrounding.
Its social function is to persuade the reader that the idea is important
matter.
B.Social Function
To persuade the reader
or listener that something is the case. (Untuk meyakinkan danmempengaruhi
pembaca atau pendengar bahwa ada masalah yang perlu mendapat perhatian
C.Generic Structure of Analytical Exposition
·
Thesis:
Introducing the topic and indicating the writer’s position
·
Argument
1: Explaining the argument to support the writer’s position
·
Argument
2: Explaining the other arguments support the writer’s position more
·
Reiteration:
Restating the writer’s position
D.Grammatical Features
·
Using
relational process
·
Using
internal conjunction
·
Using
causal conjunction
·
Using
Simple Present Tense
E.Example
Cars should be
banned
Thesis
Cars should be banned in the city. As we all
know, cars create pollution, and cause a lot of road deaths and other
accidents.
argument 1
Firstly, cars, as we all know, give
contribution to the most of the pollution in the world. Cars emit deadly gas
that causes illness such as bronchritis, lung cancer, and ‘triggers’ off
asthma. Some of these illnesses are so bad that people can die from them.
Argument 2
Secondly, the city is very busy. Pedestrians
wander everywhere and cars commonly hit pedestrains in the city, which causes
them to die. Cars today are our roads biggest killers.
Argument 3
Thirdly, cars are very noisy. If you live in
the city, you may find it hard to sleep at night, or to concentrate on your
homework, and especially when you talk to someone.
Reiteration
In conclusion, cars should be benned from the
city for the reason listed.